strengths and weaknesses of ethics of care

As a result, womens adolescent voices of resistance become silent, and they experience a dislocation of self, mind, and body, which may be reflected in eating disorders, low leadership aspiration, and self-effacing sexual choices. Drawing conceptually from a maternal perspective, Noddings understood caring relationships to be basic to human existence and consciousness. In business, an ethics of care asks us to review decisions not in terms of hard rules but in terms of how they will affect the people with whom we share our lives. According to the text, The ACA & AACC codes both encourage client growth and development which fosters healthy relationships. But although they overlap, these are discrete fields in that although care ethics connotes feminine traits, not all feminine and feminist ethics are care ethics, and the necessary connection between care ethics and femininity has been subject to rigorous challenge. Typically contrasted with deontological/Kantian and consequentialist/utilitarian ethics, care ethics is found to have affinities with moral perspectives such as African ethics, Confucian ethics, and others. 5. we like to look at the end result too much rather then the person and the morality of it. Brothers, uncles, nieces and nephews, and a hodgepodge of others all work there. Since Kantian Ethics is universalised to all humans, it suggests that all humans should be treated equally under the same ethical system. Baier specially underscores trust, a basic relation between particular persons, as the fundamental concept of morality, and notes its obfuscation within theories premised on abstract and autonomous agents. The charge of essentialism in care ethics highlights ways in which women and men are differently implicated in chains of care depending on variables of class, race, age, and more. She further developed the idea of two distinct moral voices, and their relationship to gender in Mapping the Moral Domain: A Contribution of Womens Thinking to Psychological Theory and Education (Gilligan, Ward, and Taylor, 1988), a collection of essays that traced the predominance of the justice perspective within the fields of psychology and education, and the implications of the excluded care perspective. These organizations work to disseminate information, organize care advocates on key social issues, and form voting blocks. She further argued that the scope of caring obligation is limited. Most parents trot out the idea of treating all their children identicallythey all get their first car at the same age and so onbut if a sibling has special problems at one stage of their development, theyll normally get special treatment in the name of preserving the family unit. Strengths of Kantian Ethics: The first strength can be linked to the quality of universability that Kantian ethics possesses. It allows us to focus our energy and concern on those who are closest to us. Others suggest that care ethics merely reduces to virtue ethics with care being one of many virtues (Rachels, 1999; Slote, 1998a; 1998b; McLaren, 2001, Halwani, 2003). Virtues of Autonomy: The Kantian Ethics of Care., Manning, R. Caring for Animals. Virtue ethics focuses on the character of the individual, rather than on specific actions. This information will, The organizations code of ethics serves as a guide to its employees when making difficult decisions. Something similar happens within typical families. Principles that could be regarded as central to care ethics might pertain to the origin and basic need of care relations, the evaluation of claims of need, the obligation to care, and the scope of care distribution. Developing a more stringent obligation to care for animals, Kheel posits the uniqueness of all animals, and broadens the scope of the moral obligation of care to include all individual beings as well as larger collectives, noting that the majority of philosophies addressing animal welfare adopt masculine approaches founded on abstract rules, rational principles, and generalized perspectives. The leader is tasked with making the best possible situation. However, within the ethics of care, this obligation to the stranger is limited. For example, both Maurice Hamington and Daniel Engster make room for self-care in their definitions of care, but focus more precisely on special bodily features and end goals of care (Hamington, 2004; Engster, 2007). Other definitions of care provide more precise delineations. Despite Ruddicks recognition of violence in mothering, others object that a motherhood paradigm offers a too narrowly dyadic and romantic paradigm, and that this approach mistakenly implies that characteristics of a mother-child relationship are universal worldly qualities of relationship. For these reasons, some care ethicists, even when in agreement over the significance of the mother-child relationship, have sought to expand the scope of care ethics by exploring other paradigms of care work, such as friendship and citizenship. Finally, enrolling in an ethics of care doesnt mean going blind to whats going on outside the circle of care. Essentialism: care ethics fails to differentiate how people, especially women, are different. Alternatively, they argue that a feminist care ethic is a preferable foundation for grounding moral obligations to animals because its relational ontology acknowledges love and empathy as major bases for human-animal connections, and its contextual flexibility allows for a more nuanced consideration of animals across a continuum of difference. each situation is different thus the categorical imperative does not work, if you saying lying is morally wrong but a situation suggests that lying is the morally better thing to do one must lie. Harding, Sandra. A number of criticisms have been launched against care ethics, including that it is: a) a slave morality; b) empirically flawed; c) theoretically indistinct; d) parochial, e) essentialist, and f) ambiguous. For that reason, all morality resembles the car wreck. DISADVANTAGES. Eudaimonia is the ultimate goal for humans. Eva Feder Kittay is another prominent care ethicist. Tronto, J. Expanding on Adams original analysis of the sexual politics of meat (Adams, 1990), they maintain that a feminist care tradition offers a superior foundation for animal ethics. People are mainly affected by policies because they are the individuals who must follow and abide by them as well. Strengths: Use reason at all times Weaknesses: Do not agree on moral duties (duties conflict) Virtue Ethics - Strengths and Weaknesses Strengths: encourage high levels of moral behaviour - Learn to be moral by practise Weaknesses: Which virtues are the most important? See all Ethics resources See all Virtue Ethics resources Related discussions on The Student Room. Originally conceived as most appropriate to the private and intimate spheres of life, care ethics has branched out as a political theory and social movement aimed at broader understanding of, and public support for, care-giving activities in their breadth and variety. Essentialism in care ethics is problematic not only because it is conceptually facile, but also because of its political implications for social justice. Act Utilitarianism Weakness. Ethical theories are the stronghold of moral investigation since they are the lookouts from which principles can be formed in an aim to make a decision. Others include: The Mothers Movement Online, Mothers Ought to Have Equal Rights, the National Association of Mothers Centers, and Mothers and More. Weakness It implies that there can be no real evaluation or criticism of abhorred practices. We all depend on each other as individuals. Because it eschews abstract principles and decisional procedures, care ethics is often accused of being unduly ambiguous, and for failing to offer concrete guidance for ethical action (Rachels, 1999). Rule Utilitarianism Strength. Ethical Theories Comparison Chart Get assignment help from our qualified homework doers. Care ethics originally developed as an alternative to the moral theories of Kantian deontology and Utilitarianism consequentialism, but it is thought to have affinities with numerous other moral theories, such as African ethics, David Humes sentimentalism, Aristotelian virtue ethics, the phenomenology of Merleau-Ponty, Levinasian ethics, and Confucianism. Other ways that Kantianism is thought to benefit care ethics is by serving as a supplementary check to caring practice, (denouncing caring relations that use others as mere means), and by providing a rhetorical vehicle for establishing care as a right. They specifically question whether rights theory is an adequate framework for an animal defense ethic because of its rationalist roots and individualist ontology, its tendency to extend rights to animals based on human traits, its devaluing of emotion and the body, and its preference for abstract, formal, and quantifiable rules. Joan Tronto is most known for exploring the intersections of care ethics, feminist theory, and political science. Show how an ethics of care functions in a business context. Virtue ethics may seem to avoid some of the apparent flaws of duty-based ethics and of utilitarianism. (2007). It's been said that the Presidency magnifies both your strengths and weaknesses. Making the nurturing of our immediate communities and the protecting of those closest to us the highest moral obligation. Sometimes weaknesses in a person overlap with each other. She maintained that while the one-caring has an obligation to care-for proximate humans and animals to the extent that they are needy and able to respond to offerings of care, there is a lesser obligation to care for distant others if there is no hope that care will be completed. Gilligan also expanded her ideas in a number of articles and reports (Gilligan, 1979; 1980; 1982; 1987). She argues that equality for dependency workers and the unavoidably dependent will only be achieved through conceptual and institutional reform. Whereas the former is thought to be the realm of justice, the social and historical, and generalized others, the latter is thought to be the realm of the good life, the natural and atemporal, and concrete others. The jury is regarded by the public as the 'bulwark of individual liberties'. It is easier to determine an action as morally right in Kantian ethics . Cutting the bribery relationship, therefore, may be necessary regardless of how important the particular client and business are for the larger whole. Its charged with human attachment, and because the ethics of care makes those attachments the center of deliberation, you have to know how people are related to each other before beginning to know how they should treat each other. Normatively, care ethics seeks to maintain relationships by contextualizing and promoting the well-being of care-givers and care-receivers in a network of social relations. What are the three major steps an ethics of care takes away from most traditional theories? Both charged traditional moral approaches with male bias, and asserted the voice of care as a legitimate alternative to the justice perspective of liberal human rights theory. In so doing, mothers should challenge the rigid division of male and female aspects characteristic of military ideology because it threatens the hope and promise of birth. As Ruddick points out, at least three distinct but overlapping meanings of care have emerged in recent decadesan ethic defined in opposition to justice, a kind of labor, and a particular relationship (1998, 4). For many people 'happiness' is an important part of decision making as it is their main aim in life. We have a moral responsibility to protect research participants from harm. Combining the strengths of both approaches in triangulation, if time and money permit . Jake sees the Heinz dilemma as a math problem with people wherein the right to life trumps the right to property, such that all people would reasonably judge that Heinz ought to steal the drug. Some Thoughts about Caring., Jaggar, Allison. Can you think of another comparison that encapsulates how this ethics works? In Hamington, Maurice and Miller, Dorothy (ed.s). A clear content to judge ethical behavior. The advantages of a care-based ethics include the following: The main disadvantage of an ethics of care is that it threatens to devolve into tribalism: Theres my group, and I take care of them. : A Critique., Hoagland, Sarah Lucia. This code helps them make decisions about their life, careers and family. 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