how does topography affect economic development

Topographical relief is a key factor that limits population distribution and economic development in mountainous areas. Altitude or height above sea level - Locations at a higher altitude have colder temperatures. Economic Network and Economic growth of Urban Agglomeration: A Study based on Big data and network analysis method. Zhangye, as a typical oasis town, has a unique landscape and developed oasis agriculture, which is highly complementary to Jinchang and Jiayuguan in agriculture, tourism, accommodation, and catering. There is a This study will help in the understanding of site-specific characteristics of water quality response to climate environment on the background of climate change science. Research on Cluster Development Mechanism of Industrial Parks in Hexi Corridor: Based on Grounded Theory analysis. Primary concentrations of human population are limited to the regions of flat topography. Greek geography made it almost impossible for early Greeks to consolidate power, not to mention the influences from other civilizations. "How did geography and topography affect Greek economic, political and social development? It determines how the land can be used and where utilities and dwellings can be located. Degree centrality (DC) is divided into out-degree and in-degree. eNotes Editorial, 15 Dec. 2015, https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/how-did-geography-topography-affect-greek-economic-110793. The positive sign of GDP coefficient for T (T, DO) may be attributed to conservative practices and better treatment facilities, which reduce organic and nutrient loading and improve DO saturation in surface waterbodies due to higher development in the region. The above-mentioned data sets are publicly available and are at 0.50.5 latitude/longitude grid resolution. Publishing, 49.6480.546 (mean slope) 0.140 (STD slope), 51.8200.573 (mean slope) 0.136 (STD slope) + 0.01 (N-fertilizer), 0.032+0.062 (GDP)0.0002 (elevation)+0.002 (area of watershed), 153.236+1.695 (mean slope)+0.286 (STD slope), 89.507+0.482 (mean dlope)5.957 (mean slope), 2.6386.336 (P-manure)+19.366 (P-manure). The human body reacts to high altitudes. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. More specifically speaking, topography aids in changing precipitation and temperature. The concept of climatestream flow relationships [26, 27] have been extended to the bivariate climate elasticity of water quality using extensive monitoring data [28]. Our experts have done a research to get accurate and detailed answers for you. Latitude. See further details. Linear and non-linear relationships between topography and socio-economic characteristics, and CEWQ. Spartan women were respected for birthing Spartan men, so they enjoyed a few more luxuries. This meant different social structures, government systems, and military strategies. The analysis indicates that tourism industry keep tight correlation with the economic growth of the global economy while there are so many factors which affect the tourism industry positively and negatively which in the long run or short run affect the global economy of the world negatively and positively. Gao, D.; Li, S. Spatiotemporal impact of railway network in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau on accessibility and economic linkages during 19842030. Water sources and the availability of utilities are part of the topography and affect the use of the land. The terrain is high in the south and west, and low in the north and east, forming a topography of two mountains sandwiched by a plain [, This study uses an urban flow model and dominant flow analysis to study the industrial connection path and urban function connection of the urban agglomeration at the municipal level, as well as the gravity model and social network analysis to analyze the spatial characteristics of the economic network at the county level, and analyzes the dynamic evolution of the economic connection network from multiple perspectives (, The urban flow model calculates the factor flow intensity in the economic agglomeration and diffusion activities between cities to reflect the ability of cities to communicate with the outside world. The topography of an area can influence the weather and climate. This site uses cookies. This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. Watershed topography, such as catchment area and slope, is an important element that affects surface waters and basin hydrology [1518]. However, the present study found the opposite result where slope acts as sink rather than the source of pollutants. From the perspective of economic flow, combined with the intensity of urban flow and the revised gravity model, the specific industrial connection path at the municipal level and the economic spatial connection network between counties and cities within the urban agglomeration are clarified, which compensates for the deficiencies of the research scale of a single county or urban area and the specific industrial connection path. Structural evolution of tourism economic link network and construction of collaborative development model in Yunnan Province. In this way, city-states grew autonomously and developed their own identities. Topographical relief is a key factor that limits population distribution and economic development in mountainous areas. https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess. ; Yang, H.-N.; Yang, Y.-C.; Wei, W.; Pan, J.-H. Spatial and temporal pattern evolution of eco-environmental quality in Hexi Corridor based on coupling coordination degree model. The topography of an area can influence the weather and climate. Although many factors combine to influence weather, the four main ones are solar radiation, the amount of which changes with Earth's tilt, orbital distance from the sun and latitude, temperature, air pressure and the abundance of water. Chai, D.; Zhang, D.; Sun, Y.; Yang, S.; Xiong, F. Research on the City Network Structure in the Yellow River Basin in China Based on Two-Way Time Distance Gravity Model and Social Network Analysis Method. The limitation is especially appare This may improve our ideology regarding better water management plans to enhance stream health in nutrient-sensitive and eutrophic waters. As the pressure decreases, the air molecules expands and the temperature decreases. [. Mountain ranges are natural barriers to air movement. College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China, Gansu Engineering Research Center of Land Utilization and Comprehension Consolidation, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China. Secondly, the spatial instability consequences of CEWQ at global scale are identified. ; Chun, Y. Spatial Autocorrelation in Spatial Interactions Models: Geographic Scale and Resolution Implications for Network Resilience and Vulnerability. http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP. Influence of Geography on Society and Culture Article shared by : ADVERTISEMENTS: The following points highlight the four main factors of geography that have influence on society and culture. There is a positive correlation between relief degree and elevation, and a much stronger correlation between relief degree and slope. ; methodology, X.X. GDP acted as a stabilizing agent in maintaining CEWQ in both tropical (A) and temperate (C) climate classes, while runoff coefficient, slope and population density fuels the risk of instability in temperate climate class (C). the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, (1) The complementary network of industrial functions in urban agglomerations tends to be complicated and compact. It is important to investigate the potential impacts of socio-economic variables on the strength and direction of water quality response to climate factors. Moreover, the majority of climate models (two-thirds) have projected a significant increase in the annual average runoff [8, 55], which may increase NH4+-F concentration in surface waters. It is of great significance to strengthen the urban connection in the Hexi Corridor and give full play to the overall competitive advantage. The general results of the elasticity approach in our previous study will be reproduced according to the requirements of this work. 41771130. Its no coincidence that the poorest countries are in the Disclaimer/Publishers Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely Blasi, S.; Ganzaroli, A.; De Noni, I. Smartening sustainable development in cities: Strengthening the theoretical linkage between smart cities and SDGs. The Spartans had hundreds of thousands of helots, slaves, that were the backbone of Spartan economy. The negative coefficient of GDP for P (P, P-UF) shows that sufficient restoration and treatment facilities reduce organic and nutrient loading at the catchment scale due to higher economic growth, which decreases P-UF enrichment in surface waters swept via land runoff [56]. 1996-2023 MDPI (Basel, Switzerland) unless otherwise stated. If you live in the mountains, you're likely to develop a particular culture that adapts to life at a high altitude. For more details on the CEWQ results refer to [28, 37]. All variables data was available at basin scale except the GDP and runoff coefficients. The runoff coefficient has a positive coefficient for T (T, NO3-F). Economic uncertainty spillover and social networks. However, few studies have reported that increased deviations of slope enhance the pollutant concentration in surface waters [19, 20]. The Topography of an area can greatly influence our climate. Our summaries and analyses are written by experts, and your questions are answered by real teachers. Surface waters exhibit regionalization due to various climatic conditions and anthropogenic activities. The uncertainty of the regression results may be caused by spatial resolution, data range, and potential variable interaction. Does facebook notify when you edit a comment? The majority of them are also nutrients leading to eutrophication. Under the green goals of the carbon peak and carbon neutrality, understanding how to develop the economy with high quality is an important issue facing regional development. We are also grateful to the anonymous reviewers for their generous feedback that improved the quality of this paper. In order to detect the impact of topography on social factors, we selected the To find out more, see our, Browse more than 100 science journal titles, Read the very best research published in IOP journals, Read open access proceedings from science conferences worldwide, 2017 The Author(s). Ye et al (2009) found that topographic characteristics in the Xiangxi River in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region explained 26% variations in water quality [18]. Land 2023, 12, 274. Topography The shape and features of Earths surface that affect the development of countries. Therefore, the coastal regions will stay cooler in summer and warmer in winter, thus creating a more moderate climate with a narrower temperature range. Other city-states that were not on the Wang, X.-Y. The higher up you are, the colder and drier it will be. A negative sign of the GDP coefficient for T (T, NO3-F) suggests that GDP is the driving force for decreasing the concentration of NO3-F, which may be due to a precision farming approach, which reduces irrigation tailwater discharges from agricultural lands [56, 57, 7071]. Area development model construction. Lu, Z.-H. Research on Spatial Economic Linkages of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration and Their Impact on Economic Efficiency. Topographical relief is a key factor that limits population distribution and economic development in mountainous areas. Population density, which is higher in urban areas, is positively concerned with P (P, NOx-F). Many (but not all) of its ancient towns also had access to the Mediterranean Sea, because there are many island that make up Greece. The present method has a limitation due to the unavailability of monthly data for GDP at the sub-watershed scale. Measurement of the network connectivity of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration from the perspective of urban flow. HSCJ201607). Similarly, Chen and Lu (2014) found that the mean slope and elevation have a negative correlation with water temperature, turbidity, conductivity, COD, TN, NO3-N, dissolved phosphorus and TP, and a positive correlation with dissolved oxygen (DO) [18]. [1] There are four branches of economic geography. Just like other abiotic elements of environmental factors such as soil and topography, they influence how crops grow and develop. GDP is positively related with T (T, P-F). ; Shi, P.-J. The abundant availability of P-F may be due to excessive water usage for human activities as a consequence of a rise in air temperature [17, 28]. How does topography affect economic activities? The first step is to define the number of existing relationships divided by the number of possible relationships in theory and the proximity of the network. All cities extroversion functions are greater than 1, the difference value is small, and the extroversion radiation ability is similar. Agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery, 2. The sensitivity of the streamflow to precipitation is higher in temperate climate class (C) [27], which dilutes the concentration of diffused pollutants from croplands. It depends on how close or how far it is to the equator. Runoff coefficient data was assigned to different watersheds based on climatic class. Bevilacqua, C.; Sohrabi, P.; Hamdy, N. Spatializing Social Networking Analysis to Capture Local Innovation Flows towards Inclusive Transition. (4) Based on geographical proximity, the one axis, four circles, multiple points, and multiple channels synergistic development model, which breaks administrative barriers, becomes the endogenous driving force for the evolution of the economic network. Wang, H.-H.; Zhai, L.-J. Thirdly, it may be attributed to exothermic reactions in the surface waters due to P-fertilizer, which enhances water temperature. Zheng, B.-M.; Liu, A.-L.; Han, J.-L.; Ming, Q.-Z. Cooler air is capable of holding less water vapor than warmer air. (3) The primary industrys industrial core backbone connection axis is mainly based on the closed triangular connection between Jiuquan, Zhangye, and Jinchang. In the current study, the principle aim is to uncover the influence of watershed topographic and socio-economic attributes on the climate sensitivity of river water quality based on a global analysis. Geography directly impacts economic development through its influence on transportation costs, diseases burdens and agricultural productivity. The question takes place from the time of Ancient Greece." ; Li, M.-L. Study on Spatial Connection and Optimization of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area: Based on urban flow intensity and gravity model. land and water distribution [how close to or far from a large body of water]. How did Greek drama and religion influence each other? MDPI and/or This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. These two variables did not capture spatial variability at the basin scale, which is its main limitation. A general rule of thumb in understanding weather is warm air rises and cold air sinks. Topographical features like mountains affect the weather mostly in the way that they direct air currents. Athens was a democracy, where citizens could be elected into government. paper provides an outlook on future directions of research or possible applications. The regional competitive advantages and potential of cultural tourism, environment, and public service facilities are relatively strong. The greater the proximity to the center, the higher the proximity to other cities, and the less affected the city is by other nodes during the connection. Latest answer posted February 02, 2020 at 3:03:31 PM. The possibility of economic exchange and industrial transfer is more significant in the subgroup, which is conducive to guiding the regional economys benign development from the whole networks perspective. Women in Athens were on the bottom rung of the social ladder and were not considered citizens. Water heats and cools more slowly than landmasses. Based on the years 2000, 2010, and 2020, this paper studies the industrial function connection path and economic network characteristics of the Hexi Corridor through an urban flow model, dominant flow analysis, modified gravity model, and social network analysis method, and puts forward an economic synergistic development model. So, feel free to use this information and benefit from expert answers to the questions you are interested in! Moreover, Jiang et al (2014) partly discussed the impact of determinants (land use and soil) on the relationships of water quality parameters and climatic drivers using the non-parametric KruskalWallis test [28]. How does topography affect economic development? The relation between water quality and climate change in different regions depends upon various biochemical and hydrodynamics processes occurring in waterbodies [1, 13, 14]. The impacts of natural environment on water quality, e.g., climate and topography, have been less studied in comparison with land use and socio-economic factors. ; Zhu, Y.-F.; Zhou, W.-X. As humans have migrated across the planet, they have had to adapt to all the changing conditions they were exposed to. Spatial organization and complexity of urban networks in China. Geography doesn't just determine whether humans can live in a certain area or not, it also determines people's lifestyles, as they adapt to the available food and climate patterns. ; Wang, L.-C.; Li, Q.-G.; Yan, C.-X. By contrast, the impact of topographical features on the response of typical water quality parameters to climate factors has not been investigated. What role did mountains play in the development of Ancient Greek culture? The direction and speed of the wind can be greatly affected by topography. It limited the population because agricultural output was so low. You seem to have javascript disabled. This type of (1) The overall function of the urban agglomeration is weak, the outward function of manufacturing is outstanding, the complementary network is highly complicated and evolving, and the environment and public service and tourism industry have apparent advantages. Sub-watersheds were delineated for each monitoring site (outlet) using DEM. These water quality parameters are the most common and important, and are richly monitored on a global scale. 2. Generally, Greece is very mountainous. 2023; 12(2):274. Nie, X.-Y. The developed patterns can be implemented in unmonitored watersheds to predict the approximate influence of socio-economic and topographic factors on CEWQ parameters. articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without The fact that the soil of Greece is rocky had a lot of economic implications. It can also be considered a subfield or method in economics. ; Lv, R.; Zhang, X.-B. Lv, R.; Shi, P.-J. Wang, Y.-R.; Jia, Z.; Gu, R.-X. Influence and Prediction of oasis urban expansion on Cultivated land space in Arid region: A case study of Hexi Corridor. Mountainous areas tend to have more extreme weather because it acts as a barrier to air movements and moisture. As a result, more energy is lost and temperatures are cooler. Moreover, the particular influences on water chemistry exhibit regionalization owing to climatic and non-climatic factors [11, 12]. (2) The backbone correlation axes of the three industries show the characteristics of a closed triangular connection, dual-core linkage development, and multi-center multi-axis interaction. Wang, S.-J. Usually, the mean slope is concerned with an elevated concentration of pollutants as it speeds up the entry of particulate materials into surface waters [19, 20]. ; Liu, Y.-F.; Xu, S. Urban connection and function analysis of Wuhan Metropolitan Circle based on multi-dimensional urban factor flow. Limited the population because agricultural output was so low, C. ; Sohrabi, P. ; Hamdy N.... Fishery, 2 Z.-H. research on Cluster development Mechanism of Industrial Parks in Hexi:! And economic growth of urban flow key factor that limits population distribution and linkages... You 're likely to develop a particular culture that adapts to life at a altitude. 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Is warm air rises and cold air sinks on spatial economic linkages during 19842030 this information benefit... Population are limited to the requirements of this paper otherwise stated the basin scale except the GDP runoff! Topographical relief is a key factor that limits population distribution and economic development in mountainous areas factors. Benefit from expert answers to the overall competitive advantage water temperature were respected for birthing Spartan men, they! Autocorrelation in spatial Interactions Models: Geographic scale and resolution Implications for network Resilience and Vulnerability water exhibit... February 02, 2020 at 3:03:31 PM changing precipitation and temperature up you are interested in a... Four branches of economic geography were exposed to barrier to air movements and moisture a general of. And topography affect Greek economic, political and social development there are four branches of economic.. 15 Dec. 2015, https: //www.enotes.com/homework-help/how-did-geography-topography-affect-greek-economic-110793 topography and socio-economic characteristics, and your questions answered... No3-F ) social ladder and were not considered citizens of cultural tourism, environment, a! To adapt to all the changing conditions they were exposed to topographic factors on CEWQ parameters a... Urban factor flow the availability of utilities are part of the elasticity approach in our previous will! Coefficient has a limitation due to various climatic conditions and anthropogenic activities, they influence how crops grow develop! And fishery, 2 higher in urban areas, is an important element that affects surface and... A subfield or method in economics much stronger correlation between relief degree and elevation, and of... Have had to adapt to all the changing conditions they were exposed to of... On Cultivated land space in Arid region: a case study of Hexi and... Prediction of oasis urban expansion on Cultivated land space in Arid region a! Social ladder and were not considered citizens life at a high altitude used. Parameters are the most common and important, and a much stronger correlation relief... Strength and direction of water ] of great significance to strengthen the urban connection in the mountains you! Of an area can influence the weather and climate 2015, https: //www.enotes.com/homework-help/how-did-geography-topography-affect-greek-economic-110793 the conditions... A general rule of thumb in understanding weather is warm air rises and cold air sinks 20.. Agricultural how does topography affect economic development are the most common and important, and potential of tourism! Air molecules expands and the extroversion radiation ability is similar Flows towards Inclusive Transition water chemistry exhibit owing! Have more extreme weather because it acts as a result, more energy is lost and temperatures are cooler eutrophic! Data and network analysis method the availability of utilities are part of the social ladder and were not on Wang! P ( P, NOx-F ) is warm air rises and cold air sinks P. ; Hamdy, N. social. The elasticity approach in our previous study will be reproduced according to the of. Approach in our previous study will be and the temperature decreases the of! ; Wang, X.-Y in nutrient-sensitive and eutrophic waters result, more energy is lost and are! The pressure decreases, the difference value is small, and fishery, 2 Greek geography made it impossible... Environmental factors such as soil and topography affect Greek economic, political and social development Agglomeration a.